What happens after a telemedicine visit for Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) Evaluation

Audience: adult

After a telemedicine visit for Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) evaluation, you will typically receive guidance on whether PEP treatment is recommended based on your exposure risk. PEP is a short-term medication regimen aimed at preventing HIV infection after possible exposure. Your healthcare provider may prescribe antiretroviral medications if PEP is appropriate, which usually need to be started within 72 hours of exposure. Follow-up testing and monitoring are important parts of care after the visit. You may be advised to schedule in-person appointments for lab tests or further evaluation. It is important to watch for any side effects from medications and report any concerning symptoms promptly. Telemedicine can help assess your risk and initiate treatment quickly but cannot replace some in-person tests or emergency care. If you experience severe symptoms or have urgent concerns, seek immediate medical attention. This guide explains what to expect after your telemedicine visit and how to take care of yourself safely.

Red flags — go in person / ER

• Severe allergic reaction signs such as swelling of face or throat, difficulty breathing — seek emergency care immediately.
• High fever, severe abdominal pain, or persistent vomiting during PEP treatment — contact your healthcare provider promptly.
• Missing more than one dose of PEP medication or uncertainty about medication adherence — seek medical advice as soon as possible.

What telemedicine can do

• Initial risk assessment for HIV exposure and PEP eligibility.
• Prescribing PEP medications when appropriate.
• Providing education on medication use and side effects.
• Scheduling follow-up appointments and answering questions.

What telemedicine cannot do

• Performing blood tests and HIV screening, which require in-person visits.
• Managing severe allergic reactions or urgent medical emergencies.
• Administering intravenous treatments or complex procedures.
• Diagnosing other infections or conditions that require physical examination or imaging.

What to expect immediately after your telemedicine visit

After your telemedicine visit, your healthcare provider will review your exposure details to decide if PEP is needed. If recommended, you will receive a prescription for antiretroviral medications to start as soon as possible, ideally within 72 hours of exposure. Your provider will explain how to take the medications and discuss possible side effects. You may also receive instructions on scheduling follow-up lab tests to check for HIV and other infections.

Importance of timely medication and follow-up

Starting PEP medications quickly is critical to reduce the chance of HIV infection. The treatment usually lasts 28 days. During this time, you should take the medications exactly as prescribed. Follow-up visits, either in-person or via telemedicine, are important to monitor your health, manage side effects, and perform HIV testing at recommended intervals, often at 4 to 6 weeks and 3 months after exposure.

Monitoring for side effects and symptoms

PEP medications can cause side effects such as nausea, fatigue, headache, or diarrhea. Most side effects are mild and improve over time. However, if you develop severe symptoms like difficulty breathing, rash, or intense abdominal pain, contact your healthcare provider immediately. Keep a symptom diary to share during follow-up visits.

When to seek urgent in-person care

Telemedicine is useful for initial evaluation and follow-up but cannot replace emergency care. Seek immediate in-person medical attention if you experience severe allergic reactions, high fever, chest pain, difficulty breathing, or signs of infection. Also, if you miss doses of your medication or are unsure about your treatment, contact a healthcare professional promptly.

How telemedicine supports your PEP care

Telemedicine allows quick access to healthcare providers who can assess your exposure risk and start PEP treatment without delay. It is convenient and reduces barriers to care. However, some tests like blood work and HIV testing require in-person visits. Your provider will guide you on when and where to get these done safely.

How to prepare for your tele-visit

• Have details ready about the exposure event, including timing and type of contact.
• List any medications you are currently taking and your medical history.
• Prepare a quiet, private space with good internet connection for the telemedicine visit.
• Have a pen and paper or device ready to take notes during the visit.
• Be ready to discuss any symptoms you are experiencing.
• Know where your nearest emergency care center is located in case urgent care is needed.

After your tele-visit

• Start PEP medications as soon as prescribed, ideally within 72 hours of exposure.
• Take medications exactly as directed for the full 28-day course.
• Schedule and attend follow-up visits for HIV testing and health monitoring.
• Watch for side effects and report any severe or unusual symptoms to your provider.
• Practice safer behaviors to reduce future risk of HIV exposure.
• Seek immediate care if you experience red flag symptoms or emergencies.

FAQs

How soon do I need to start PEP after exposure?

PEP should be started as soon as possible, ideally within 72 hours after a possible HIV exposure. The sooner you start, the more effective it is at preventing infection.

Can I get PEP without an in-person visit?

Many healthcare providers can evaluate your need for PEP through telemedicine and prescribe medications remotely. However, some tests will require in-person visits.

What if I miss a dose of my PEP medication?

Try to take your medication as scheduled. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it is close to the next dose. Contact your healthcare provider for guidance.

What side effects should I expect from PEP?

Common side effects include nausea, fatigue, headache, and diarrhea. These are usually mild and temporary. Contact your provider if side effects are severe or persistent.

How long will I need follow-up testing after PEP?

Follow-up HIV testing is typically recommended at 4 to 6 weeks and again at 3 months after exposure to confirm you remain HIV-negative.

Sources

1. Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) — Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
2. HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) — MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
3. HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis — Mayo Clinic.
4. Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV — National Library of Medicine, NIH.

This telemedicine guidance is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for in-person medical care. If you have urgent symptoms or concerns, seek immediate medical attention.