How to prepare for a video visit about Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) Evaluation

Audience: pediatric

If a child may have been exposed to a virus like HIV, Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) can help prevent infection if started quickly. A video visit with a healthcare provider can help decide if PEP is needed. During the visit, the provider will ask about the exposure, timing, and health history. Preparing for the visit helps make sure all important information is shared. This guide explains how to get ready, what to expect, and when to get urgent care. Remember, telemedicine can provide advice and evaluation but cannot replace in-person emergency care. If the child has serious symptoms, seek immediate medical help.

Red flags — go in person / ER

• Child has difficulty breathing, chest pain, or severe shortness of breath — call emergency services immediately.
• Child has a high fever (over 39°C or 102°F) that does not improve or worsens rapidly — seek urgent medical care.
• Child shows signs of severe allergic reaction (swelling of face/lips, hives, difficulty swallowing) — get emergency help right away.

What telemedicine can do

• Initial evaluation of possible exposure to infections like HIV.
• Discussing medical history and exposure details.
• Providing guidance on whether PEP is appropriate.
• Explaining how to take PEP medication and potential side effects.
• Scheduling follow-up care and testing recommendations.

What telemedicine cannot do

• Performing physical exams that require hands-on assessment.
• Administering medications or injections.
• Managing severe allergic reactions or emergencies.
• Providing laboratory tests or imaging during the visit.
• Diagnosing conditions unrelated to the exposure without in-person evaluation.

What is Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP)?

PEP is a treatment that may stop certain infections, like HIV, after a possible exposure. It usually involves taking medicine for about 28 days. PEP works best if started within 72 hours after exposure. It is not a vaccine but a short-term medicine to reduce risk after an exposure event.

Why a Video Visit?

A video visit lets a healthcare provider quickly assess the situation without needing to travel. The provider can ask questions about how and when the exposure happened and decide if PEP is needed. This helps start treatment fast if necessary. The visit is private and can be done from home or another safe place.

How to Prepare for the Video Visit

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What to Expect During the Visit

The healthcare provider will ask about the exposure and health history. They may explain the benefits and risks of PEP. If PEP is recommended, they will discuss how to get the medicine and how to take it safely. The provider may also advise on follow-up testing and care.

After the Video Visit

Follow the provider’s instructions carefully. Start PEP medicine as soon as possible if prescribed. Watch for side effects and keep all follow-up appointments. If symptoms like fever, rash, or difficulty breathing occur, seek medical care immediately.

How to prepare for your tele-visit

• Gather detailed information about the exposure event (what happened, when, and how).
• Have the child's medical history and current medications available.
• Prepare a list of questions or concerns for the provider.
• Ensure a private, quiet space with a reliable internet connection.
• Charge your device and test video and audio before the visit.
• Have a trusted adult present during the visit if the patient is a child.

After your tele-visit

• Begin PEP medication promptly if prescribed, following instructions carefully.
• Monitor the child for side effects or new symptoms.
• Attend all recommended follow-up appointments and testing.
• Contact your healthcare provider if symptoms worsen or new concerns arise.
• Seek emergency care immediately if red flag symptoms develop.

FAQs

What is the time frame to start PEP after exposure?

PEP should ideally be started within 72 hours (3 days) after possible exposure to be most effective. The sooner it is started, the better the chance to prevent infection.

Can PEP prevent all infections after exposure?

PEP can reduce the risk of infection but does not guarantee prevention. It is important to follow all medical advice and complete the full course of medication.

Are there side effects from PEP medication?

Some people may experience side effects like nausea, fatigue, or headache. Most side effects are mild and temporary. Always discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider.

What if my child misses a dose of PEP medication?

Try to give the missed dose as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed one and continue as normal. Do not double the dose. Contact your provider for specific advice.

Will my child need testing after PEP?

Yes, follow-up testing is usually recommended to check for infection. Your provider will tell you when and how often testing should happen.

Sources

1. Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) — Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
2. Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV — MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
3. HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) — HIVinfo, National Institutes of Health.
4. American Academy of Pediatrics: HIV and AIDS in Children and Adolescents — American Academy of Pediatrics.

This telemedicine guidance is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for in-person medical care. If your child has emergency symptoms or severe illness, seek immediate medical attention.